Comment
Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Like morphine and hydrocodone effectively reduce pain by binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, blocking pain signals. In most cases after surgery, oral (PO), intramuscular (IM), or intravenous (IV) opioids are prescribed. In the immediate postoperative period, opioids, such as morphine or oxycodone, are frequently used for initial pain relief, according to a study by Jain Y et al. 2023, titled “Evaluation of Different Approaches for Pain Management in Postoperative General Surgery Patients: A Comprehensive Review.” They provide rapid relief in the immediate postoperative period, though their use is limited to short durations to avoid dependence. Morphine is the standard choice for opiates and is widely used. It has a rapid onset of action with a peak effect occurring in 1 to 2 hours, according to a study by Garimella V, Cellini C. et al. 2013, titled “Postoperative pain control.”Chronic pain (non-cancer related): Chronic pain, especially from conditions like osteoarthritis or lower back pain, is treated with opioids when other therapies fail. Opioids like oxycodone and tramadol are prescribed for their long-acting pain relief, as they help manage persistent pain by altering pain perception in the brain and spinal cord. However, chronic use increases the risk of tolerance, dependency, and opioid use disorder, so opioids are used with caution for these conditions. Opioids provide short-term pain relief for chronic low back pain with about 30% pain reduction, according to a study by Deyo RA, Von Korff M, Duhrkoop D., et al. 2015, titled “Opioids for low back pain,” but their long-term effectiveness and impact on functional outcomes have “moderate quality evidence.”Cancer pain: Opioids are important in managing cancer pain, particularly for patients experiencing moderate to severe pain due to the cancer or its treatments. Morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone are used, as they are effective in controlling both
Add Comment