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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Glucose levels by making muscle tissue more sensitive to insulin so blood glucose can be used for energy.It is usually taken two times a day. A side effect of metformin may be diarrhea, but this is improved when the drug is taken with food.DPP-4 InhibitorsDPP-4 inhibitors help improve A1C (a measure of average blood glucose levels over two to three months) without causing hypoglycemia (low blood glucose). They work by preventing the breakdown of naturally occurring hormones in the body, GLP-1 and GIP. These hormones reduce blood glucose levels in the body, but they are broken down very quickly so it does not work well when injected as a drug itself.By interfering in the process that breaks down GLP-1 and GIP, DPP-4 inhibitors allow these hormones to remain active in the body longer, lowering blood glucose levels only when they are elevated. DPP-4 inhibitors do not cause weight gain and are usually very well tolerated.There are four DPP-4 inhibitors currently on the market in the U.S.:Alogliptin (Nesina)Linagliptin (Tradjenta)Saxagliptin (Onglyza)Sitagliptin (Januvia)GLP-1 and Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor AgonistsAs noted in the description for DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 and GIP are natural hormones in the body that help maintain glucose levels. Use of GLP-1 and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists is another strategy to help use these hormones to improve blood glucose management in people with type 2 diabetes.These medications have similar effects to the GLP-1 and GIP produced in the body but are resistant to being broken down by the DPP-4 enzyme. These medications can
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